ABSTRACT
Tumours of the chest in children constitute an array of pathology and clinical symptomatology. These tumours can be benign or malignant; cystic or solid; primary or as a result of secondary metastases. Collectively; tumours of the chest in children are very rare; the exact incidence of which is largely unknown globally. Non neoplastic lesions of the lung including bronchogenic cysts; sequestrations; congenital pulmonary airway malformations as well as infective and inflammatory disorders are 60 times more common than neoplastic causes.1 A tumour of the chest is considerably difficult to diagnose since patients can be asymptomatic for many years before symptoms evolve. Even more so; the symptoms are non-specific and can suggest more common and less sinister pathology. Clinically patients present with a variety of symptoms that depend largely on the location of the tumour.Airway tumours can be symptomatic or can present with chronic cough; wheeze; haemoptysis; atelectasis or persistent pneumonia. Secondary malignant parenchymal tumours are likely to be symptomatic from the primary lesion. Anterior mediastinal tumours can cause compression of the large airways or superior vena caval structures.It stands to reason that the physician needs to have a very high index of suspicion when dealing with these non-specific signs and symptoms. This article provides an approach to tumours of chest and reviews the common aetiology in the different compartments of the chest. The article will focus on common tumours of the airway; lung parenchyma; mediastinum; cardiac and chest wall pathology
Subject(s)
Child , Review , Thoracic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Thoracic Neoplasms/etiology , Thoracic Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Malignant transformation of a neurilemmoma is an exceedingly rare event. We describe a case of intrathoracic ancient neurilemmoma undergoing a malignant change in a 39-yr-old man. The patient presented with right flank and chest pain for several months. Plain radiography and CT scan of the chest showed a soft tissue mass lesion at the extrapleural space with erosion of surrounding ribs at the right basal lung area. The excised mass was encapsulated and measured 4.5 x 3.5 x 2.3 cm. The cut surface showed grayish-white and glistening with a focal cystic change and hemorrhage. Necrosis was not seen. Histologically, the tumor showed the features of classic neurilemmoma composed of the Antoni type A and B areas with perivascular hyalinization. In addition, obviously histo-logically malignant foci manifested by presence of markedly increased cellularity with fascicular arrangement, active mitotic activity, hyperchromasia, and gradual loss of original neurilemmomatous feature were noted.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Diagnosis, Differential , Neurilemmoma/complications , Neurilemmoma/pathology , Neurofibromatosis 1/complications , Neurofibromatosis 1/pathology , Thoracic Neoplasms/etiology , Thoracic Neoplasms/pathology , Biomarkers, TumorABSTRACT
Se presenta la historia clínica de una paciente de 57 años de edad en quien se diagnosticó cáncer de mama a la edad de 40 años y recibió terapia de radiación después de la cirugía. Como presentó recurrencias después del tratamiento se le prescribió terapia citotóxica sistémica. Dieciocho años después del diagnóstico de tumor en la mama presentó otro tipo de tumor primario, de diferente tipo histológico, el cual tuvo un curso extremadamente agresivo y fatal